Discovery of a huge sector collapse at the Nisyros volcano, Greece, by on-land and offshore geological-structural data
Identifieur interne : 000130 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000129; suivant : 000131Discovery of a huge sector collapse at the Nisyros volcano, Greece, by on-land and offshore geological-structural data
Auteurs : A. Tibaldi [Italie] ; F. A. Pasquare [Italie] ; D. Papanikolaou [Grèce] ; P. Nomikou [Grèce]Source :
- Journal of volcanology and geothermal research [ 0377-0273 ] ; 2008.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- geographic : Grèce.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
This study uses on-land and offshore geological and structural data to demonstrate that a huge lateral collapse involved the SE flank of Nisyros volcano. The collapse beheaded the summit part of the volcano and also involved the submarine portion of the slope, producing a large debris avalanche deposit with a volume of about 1 km3 which has been recognized on the sea floor. On-land, stratigraphic and structural data indicate that a thick succession of lava flows (Nikia lavas) was emplaced in a huge horseshoe-shaped depression open seaward and extending below the sea. The magma-feeding system in the volcano, predating and following the collapse, was structurally influenced by a dominant NE-SW direction, which is perpendicular to the newly-recognised sector collapse. The NE-SW structural trend is consistent with the regional tectonic structures found offshore around Nisyros and with the related NW-SE extension direction. We suggest that the lateral magma pressure produced by repeated magma injections along tectonic discontinuities contributed to destabilise the volcano flank. The occurrence of a pyroclastic deposit that mantled the scar left by the collapse suggests that a magma batch might have been injected inside the volcano and triggered the collapse. The lavas of the pre-collapse edifice have been deposited in alternating submarine and subaerial environments, suggesting that vertical movements might also be a major triggering mechanism for large lateral collapses. Recognition of this phenomenon is particularly important in recent/ active island or coastal volcanoes, as it can trigger tsunamis.
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Tibaldi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche e Geotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, P. delta Scienza 4</s1><s2>20126 Milano</s2><s3>ITA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Italie</country><wicri:noRegion>20126 Milano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pasquare, F A" sort="Pasquare, F A" uniqKey="Pasquare F" first="F. A." last="Pasquare">F. A. Pasquare</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi dell'lnsubria</s1><s2>Como</s2><s3>ITA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Italie</country><wicri:noRegion>Como</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papanikolaou, D" sort="Papanikolaou, D" uniqKey="Papanikolaou D" first="D." last="Papanikolaou">D. Papanikolaou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department for Dynamic Tectonic and Applied Geology, University of Athens</s1><s3>GRC</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Grèce</country><wicri:noRegion>Department for Dynamic Tectonic and Applied Geology, University of Athens</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nomikou, P" sort="Nomikou, P" uniqKey="Nomikou P" first="P." last="Nomikou">P. Nomikou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department for Dynamic Tectonic and Applied Geology, University of Athens</s1><s3>GRC</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Grèce</country><wicri:noRegion>Department for Dynamic Tectonic and Applied Geology, University of Athens</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of volcanology and geothermal research</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. volcanol. geotherm. res.</title><idno type="ISSN">0377-0273</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of volcanology and geothermal research</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. volcanol. geotherm. res.</title><idno type="ISSN">0377-0273</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Greece</term><term>calderas</term><term>collapse</term><term>debris</term><term>depressions</term><term>direction</term><term>discontinuities</term><term>discoveries</term><term>extension</term><term>faults</term><term>injection</term><term>islands</term><term>lava</term><term>lava flows</term><term>magmas</term><term>offshore</term><term>pressure</term><term>pyroclastics</term><term>slopes</term><term>subaerial environment</term><term>tectonics</term><term>tsunamis</term><term>vertical movements</term><term>volcanoes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Découverte</term><term>Effondrement</term><term>Volcan</term><term>Off shore</term><term>Versant</term><term>Débris</term><term>Coulée lave</term><term>Lave</term><term>Dépression</term><term>Magma</term><term>Direction</term><term>Tectonique</term><term>Extension</term><term>Pression</term><term>Injection</term><term>Discontinuité</term><term>Pyroclastite</term><term>Milieu subaérien</term><term>Mouvement vertical</term><term>Ile</term><term>Tsunami</term><term>Caldeira</term><term>Faille</term><term>Grèce</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grèce</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study uses on-land and offshore geological and structural data to demonstrate that a huge lateral collapse involved the SE flank of Nisyros volcano. The collapse beheaded the summit part of the volcano and also involved the submarine portion of the slope, producing a large debris avalanche deposit with a volume of about 1 km<sup>3</sup> which has been recognized on the sea floor. On-land, stratigraphic and structural data indicate that a thick succession of lava flows (Nikia lavas) was emplaced in a huge horseshoe-shaped depression open seaward and extending below the sea. The magma-feeding system in the volcano, predating and following the collapse, was structurally influenced by a dominant NE-SW direction, which is perpendicular to the newly-recognised sector collapse. The NE-SW structural trend is consistent with the regional tectonic structures found offshore around Nisyros and with the related NW-SE extension direction. We suggest that the lateral magma pressure produced by repeated magma injections along tectonic discontinuities contributed to destabilise the volcano flank. The occurrence of a pyroclastic deposit that mantled the scar left by the collapse suggests that a magma batch might have been injected inside the volcano and triggered the collapse. The lavas of the pre-collapse edifice have been deposited in alternating submarine and subaerial environments, suggesting that vertical movements might also be a major triggering mechanism for large lateral collapses. Recognition of this phenomenon is particularly important in recent/ active island or coastal volcanoes, as it can trigger tsunamis.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Grèce</li><li>Italie</li></country></list><tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tibaldi, A" sort="Tibaldi, A" uniqKey="Tibaldi A" first="A." last="Tibaldi">A. Tibaldi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Pasquare, F A" sort="Pasquare, F A" uniqKey="Pasquare F" first="F. A." last="Pasquare">F. A. Pasquare</name></country><country name="Grèce"><noRegion><name sortKey="Papanikolaou, D" sort="Papanikolaou, D" uniqKey="Papanikolaou D" first="D." last="Papanikolaou">D. Papanikolaou</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Nomikou, P" sort="Nomikou, P" uniqKey="Nomikou P" first="P." last="Nomikou">P. Nomikou</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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